Investigates practices and infrastructures of computer modeling and science communication in climate impact research.

The field of nanopore sensors is growing rapidly, but there have been no new books on nanopore technology that provide an overview of the research on nanopore-based sensing until now. The book provides a good source of nanopore studies for researchers interested in and working in the general areas of electrochemistry and nanobiotechnology, especially on nanopore sensors.

Discusses hydropower resistance, disputes surrounding genetically modified organisms and the nuclear power debate.

Radiation Evangelists explores x-ray and radium therapy in the United States and Great Britain during a crucial period of its development, from 1896 to 1925. It focuses on the pioneering work of early advocates in the field, the "radiation evangelists" who, motivated by their faith in a new technology, trust in new energy sources, and hope for future breakthroughs, turned a blind eye to the dangers of radiation exposure.

The past decade has seen significant developments in improving the greenness of analytical chemistry, including the use of new smart materials as analytical tools. Solvent selection, miniaturization and metrics for the evaluation of method greenness make this book useful for researchers and industry, interested in integrating safer and sustainable analytical techniques into their work. The fact that, in general, green methods of analysis offer cheaper alternatives to traditional ones, adds an economical interest to this approach.

This handbook brings altogether classical and emerging techniques for hazardous wastes, municipal solid wastes and contaminated water sites, combining chemical, biological and engineering control methods to provide a one-stop reference.

The emerging field of planetary health aims to understand how planetary changes threaten our health and how to protect ourselves and the rest of the biosphere.

Considers the recycling and utilization pathway of agricultural wastes.

Green Nanotechnology discusses the fundamental field of green nanotechnology and the major challenges associated with it. It also includes green synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of natural bentonite-supported copper nanoparticles and stem cell tracking by using iron oxide nanoparticles. Discusses much more, too.

Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Exposes the biases and hidden conflicts of interest in numerous scientific publications overestimating the medico-biological consequences of low-dose radiation.

This new edition provides an updated overview across the world as well as presenting new chapters on current issues in recycling and management of this waste. This is an essential reference not only for those working in recycling and waste management, but also for those working in manufacturing and product development who wish to consider the full lifecycle of their products. It also provides valuable insights for policymakers developing more environmentally sound and sustainable systems and strategies for the management of electronic waste.

This book discusses pollution of water across the globe, climate change and situation of water, sustainability related to water pollution, the water management systems in urban areas, activated sludge processes and recycling of water and it reuse.

his book presents the fundamental hydraulic, hydrochemical and nume rical concepts that are required for the sound and efficient application of solute transport models in groundwater studies. Advection, dispersion and diffusion, which are the main physical transport processes, are first introduced, followed by the derivation of the advection-dispersion equation. A separate chapter is dedicated to multispecies reactive transport modelling, presenting both theory and simulation examples. Special methods used to simulate transport in fractured geological material are also presented. The authors, all of them groundwater modelling professionals, focus on the detailed presentation of numerical methods commonly used in transport models.

As technology continues to advance forward, it is crucial that the forensic disciplines maintain their lead over the criminal element. The field of firearm analysis is one such area that has experienced rapid developments, spurred on by recent technological advancements. With the invention of high resolution 3D-printing, new improvements in instrumental techniques such as Raman Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry, and improvements in simulation capabilities for ballistic wounding potential, entirely new fields of study have evolved. This book takes an in-depth look at the current state of gunshot residue analysis and wound ballistics, and showcases groundbreaking research in these crucial areas. The ramifications of the availability of 3D-printed firearms are also discussed, with authors submitting evaluations of new and existing forensic methods on trace analysis of GSR and fingerprinting, as well as potential protocol adaptations to better address the unique challenges of 3D-printed firearms. Whereas this book is primarily oriented toward forensic researchers and practitioners, others with an interest in keeping up with developments in forensic science may find it informative and useful.

Shale Boom describes how independent oilman George P. Mitchell developed technology that would unlock trillions of cubic feet of natural gas in the North Texas rock formation known as the Barnett Shale. When he succeeded, other oilmen used it to uncover vast reserves, prompting a gas boom extending through twenty-one North Texas counties including the Fort Worth metropolitan area. The boom created enormous wealth, but brought drilling rigs into urban neighborhoods and created safety and environmental concerns, especially with respect to the fracking technology necessary to produce gas. As the new technology was adapted to develop shale in other areas, controversy over it became national and global. Overall, however, what happened in the Barnett Shale meant profound changes for the future of petroleum at home and abroad.

The US shale boom and efforts by other countries to exploit their shale resources could reshape energy and environmental landscapes across the world. But how might those landscapes change? Will countries with significant physical reserves try to exploit them? Will they protect or harm local communities and the global climate? Will the benefits be shared or retained by powerful interests? And how will these decisions be made?             The Shale Dilemma brings together experts working at the forefront of shale gas issues on four continents to explain how countries reach their decisions on shale development. Using a common analytical framework, the authors identify both local factors and transnational patterns in the decision-making process. Eight case studies reveal the trade-offs each country makes as it decides whether to pursue, delay, or block development. Those outcomes in turn reflect the nature of a country's political process and the power of interest groups on both sides of the issue. The contributors also ask whether the economic arguments made by the shale industry and its government supporters have overshadowed the concerns of local communities for information on the effects of shale operations, and for tax policies and regulations to ensure broad-based economic development and environmental protection.             As an informative and even-handed account, The Shale Dilemma recommends practical steps to help countries reach better, more transparent, and more far-sighted decisions.

"Welding welded joints of aluminum matrix composite SiCp & Al2O3p/AlMg1SiCu is also investigated. Results show that the area between the solid phase and liquid phase increases with welding temperature increment; the internal stress at interface of SiCp/AlMg1SiCu releases to improve the strength of welded joints attractively, and more."

Over roughly the past decade, oil and gas production in the United States has surged dramatically--thanks largely to technological advances such as high-volume hydraulic fracturing, more commonly known as "fracking." This rapid increase has generated widespread debate, with proponents touting economic and energy-security benefits and opponents highlighting the environmental and social risks of increased oil and gas production. Despite the heated debate, neither side has a monopoly on the facts. In this book, Daniel Raimi gives a balanced and accessible view of oil and gas development, clearly and thoroughly explaining the key issues surrounding the shale revolution. The Fracking Debate directly addresses the most common questions and concerns associated with fracking: What is fracking? Does fracking pollute the water supply? Will fracking make the United States energy independent? Does fracking cause earthquakes? How is fracking regulated? Is fracking good for the economy? Coupling a deep understanding of the scholarly research with lessons from his travels to every major U.S. oil- and gas-producing region, Raimi highlights stories of the people and communities affected by the shale revolution, for better and for worse. The Fracking Debate provides the evidence and context that have so frequently been missing from the national discussion of the future of oil and gas production, offering readers the tools to make sense of this critical issue.

Most naturally occurring folate derivatives in foods are highly sensitive to temperature, oxygen, and light, and their functionality is affected by food processing. Their stability is also pH dependant. Further alternative strategies to fortify and increase the level of folates through starter culture selection, combination, metabolic bioengineering as well as improved storage and cooking methods have failed to yield high enough dietary folates. The enrichment of flour as a nutritional intervention programme to try and correct problems of folic acid deficiency such as neural tube defects has been put in place; it is the first attempt to design functional foods that could alleviate folate deficiency. Currently, mandatory fortification of grain and other foods with rich folates are in place. Clearly, the use of fortification has immense potential health benefits over the recent decades as advancements of science recognised the importance of this vitamin in alleviating a number of developmental and degenerative disorders. Folate is of great interest and of great clinical value, a veritable panacea among functional foods and nutraceuticals. A large number of health benefits are associated with regular folic acid consumption either in its natural form or supplements. This book elaborates an alternative approach to protect and stabilise the bio-functionality of folic acid through a novel and robust microencapsulation technique. It contains comprehensive science and technology information on folic acid that describes how to protect it from natural plant sources during processing through novel encapsulation techniques and to produce innovative and smart foods and supplements. This book is suited for researchers in food and pharmaceutical industries and universities as well as for postgraduate research students in foods and supplements. This book is a suitable research and textbook for advanced vitamins, food supplements and nutraceuticals, and highly recommended for university and research institution.

The use of essential oils by civilisations constitutes a common practice since antiquity. In earlier times, China, India and the Middle East used herbs and oils in cooking, cosmetics, medicine and in religious rituals. These substances come from a secondary metabolism of plants and are associated with several functions necessary for their survival, such as the defense against microorganisms, predators and attraction of pollinators. Essential oils are composed of a complex mixture of biologically active substances, lipophilic and volatile, and in most cases derivatives of terpene compounds and in a lower occurrence - phenylpropanoids. They have been long recognised for their medicinal uses: antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal and their antioxidant properties. The increased interest in alternative natural substances is driving the research community to find new uses and applications of these substances. This book provides research on the historical significance, chemical composition and medicinal uses and benefits of essential oils. Some of the topics discussed include extraction methods of essential oils; an overview of the most relevant essential oil changes regarding plant phenology and plant development; the antibacterial properties of some essential oils; essential oils applications in agriculture; and the use of essential oils as additives in broiler diets.